Human Disease Prevention

Topographic -  this class is based on the bodily system or any particular region of the system. The disease that includes under this category are

• Gastrointestinal diseases
• Vascular diseases
• Abdominal diseases
• Chest diseases

Anatomical - based on the organ and tissue. The diseases that includes under this category are

• Heart diseases
• Liver diseases
• Lung diseases

Physiological - based on its function and effect. The diseases that includes under this category are

• Respiratory diseases
• Diabetes
• Gout

Pathological - based on the nature of the disease process

• Neoplastic  diseases
• Inflammatory diseases

Etiological - based on the causative agent that causes  infections.

• Pneumonia
• Meningitis
• Syphilis
• Gonorrhoea

Juristic -based on the speed of advent of death

• exposure to poison

epidemiological - based on the incidence, distribution and control of disorders.

• Asthma

Statistical - based on the estimated data and graphs the level of the epidemics

The infectious disease that are been categorized on the basis of the  mode of transmission and also on the pathogens that are associated with the disease. They are basically classified as communicable and non communicable disease.

Communicable diseases are explained as follows

Viral infection

Viruses are defined as that infective pathogen that basically involves of nucleic acid molecule as a protein coat with the genetic material DNA and RNA . These viruses that does not have the ability to reproduce on their level (Esposito, 2016).  They need Example of assignment a biological system to reproduce so that they get in the host body and cause disease and complete  their reproduction site. The examples of the viral infection are  common cold hepatitis.  

Bacterial infection  

The infections that are caused for the bacterial for single-celled organisms that contains a genetic material as DNA. Bacterial are generally present in all the surrounding atmospheric environment even it is proofed that good bacteria that  are involved  or the betterment of the gut health. But the infections are caused by the bacteria's that are harmful to the host. But certain toxins released can make them sick.    

Fungal infection

As compared to  bacterial , there are many types of fungal infection present. They are assumed to dwell inside or  on the host body where they forms the network of mycellium that grows over the body, when the outgrown or harmful fungi can cause fungal infection to the host.

Parasitic infection

This class belongs to the subkingdom Protista, as the classical system in the kingdom Animalia. The system of infectious causing  infections are basically helminths and some single celled organisms.

Prion diseases

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are the proteins that  are considered to be defective that causes certain  other proteins in the body usually in their brain that becomes faulty as well . Their body is incapable to usage  these proteins that can get rid out of them. They can build up in the biological system(Haileamlak, 2019).  Generally prions are very rare that comes in contact with the host cells and that particularly causes infections to the host cells.

Non-communicable diseases are explained as follows

Hypertension

Hypertension is described as the condition where high blood pressure for particular long term medical condition where there is elevation in the pressure of the blood in the arteries that have elevated. Usually high blood pressure that is not treated as the symptom and sign of any disease that is normally a condition with the major risk factor of coronary artery, stroke, heart failure and in chronic kidney disease.

 Obesity

In some cases that is considered as a disease, for the medical conditions obesity is a situation  with the excess of body fats that has accumulated in the body that it can be possibly have negative impact over the health of the patient. Generally the Body mass index is calculated the weight as per the  height of the patient that is divided by the square of the person's height , the range of 25-30kg/m2.

 Hyperglycaemia

Is a situation where there is excessive amount of level of glucose that has been circulated in blood plasma. Normal blood sugar level is found to be 80-110 mmol/L. The level of higher than 110 mmol/L can be treated as the condition of the hyperglycaemia. In the diabetic patient from a condition of hyperglycaemic can experience a organ damage because of the condition with the hyperglycaemic condition in excess.

Hyperlipidaemia

Hyperlipidaemia is a condition of abnormally the levels of all and any lipids like triglyceride, phospholipids, fats and cholesterol in the blood level. The hyperlipidaemia that presents as a subset of the hypercholesterolemia.  

Question 2

In the epidemics of the  infection of the influenza, measles and the recent epidemic of COVID-19 viruses infections that the advanced nurse practitioners that recognizes  in walk in type of patient.  The infections of the measles that was found to be infection that is contagious disorders caused by the virus that spreads that  causes severe complication and also cause death of the patient (Hassan et al., 2020).   The infection of COVID-19 epidemic that leads to reversal in the process of immunization and surveillance efforts.  The process of the immunization that must be provided by the  advanced nurse practitioners that with the help of vaccination can save the millions of the  children with the global that is vulnerable for the preventable diseases for the infection of the measles infection , influenza and also the infection of COVID-19.

For the advanced nurse practitioners who is appointed for  the  practising in the ward of the the patients with the infection of In the epidemics of the infection of the influenza, measles and the recent epidemic of COVID-19 viruses infections that the advanced nurse practitioners that recognizes  in walk in type of patient.  The infections of the measles that was found to be infection that is contagious disorders caused by the virus that spreads that  causes severe complication and also cause death of the patient (Hassan et al., 2020).   The infec measles, influenza and COVID-19. The people around this patients are safely shifted to another ward so that  they can be removed from high risk. Basically the unvaccinated young children and the pregnant females are at major risk of this type of infections.

There are basically guidelines are provided by the advanced nurse practitioners, there is the responsibility of the advance nurse practitioners who divides the sections for  the patient who are suffering from the above mentioned particular  type of infections and the non infectious patients that are not suffering but having another reason to visit the medical premises. The  advance nurse practitioners provides the spaces with various adroitness for the patients who visit the medical premises where they can come in contact with the Assignment help spreading of the diseases that is primary reason for it (Majumder and Minko, 2021). There is possibility of the transmission through the human behaviour that they can be communicated with their breath and other transmission if they have touched the things like premises, railings and doors present in the premises of the hospital, there must care taken by  the   advance nurse practitioners  to take care in the case of this type of infections that there must be the process of the sterilization  of the  surfaces present in the premises like the floor,railing, doors and many more. Advance  nurse practitioners must take a note the patients who are not suffering from this type of any infection must use mask ,so that there is no infection is spread out.  

There are fundamentally guidance are furnished by the advanced nurse practitioners, there is the  major obligation of the advance nurse practitioners who  needs to divides the sections for  the patient who are excruciation from the above mentioned particular  type of infections and the non infectious diligent that are not suffering but having some other explanation to get together for  the medical premises. The  advance nurse practitioners furnishes  the spaces with various adeptness for the patients who visit the medical premises where they can come in interacted  with the spreading of the diseases that has been considered as  primary reason for it (Esposito, 2016) .There is expectation of the transmission through with the human behaviour that they can be communicated with their breath and other transmission if they have grazed with any of the commodities of the  things like premises, railings and doors present in the premises of the hospital, there must care taken by  the   advance nurse practitioners  to take care in the case of this type of infections that there must be the process of the sterilization  of the  surfaces present in the premises like the floor,railing, doors and many more. Advance  nurse practitioners must take a note the patients who are not suffering from this type of any infection must use mask ,so that there is no infection is spread out.  

Question 3

It was seen that they must observe that there is essential and sophisticated that expected that the influenza infection, before the late of 19^th century there was pandemic that last for the centuries and there was a blunt the annihilating the influence of the infection of H1N1 pandemic. Therefore the humankind have elaboration of the epidemic  the role of the infection of the influenza virus. In 2021 the infection of SARS-CoV-2  and the variants of the continues that causes the momentous morbidity and mortality globally. Also the Science Research Topics management for the prevention for the high level of transmittable respiratory infection that is spread from the viruses. There are open communications that they are doctors, nursing staff, pharmacist, clinical providers and also those who manage the patients who are suffering with the COVID-19 (Majumder and Minko, 2021).   The current epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that were more active  in the transmission of the  infection with globally that was faced by the  the posed major and unexampled the objection that millions of lives that across the infection over whole of the globe was suffering from this infection. There was a serious condition for the medical experts who have got extra workload  as the number of the medical professionals  and the global attempts shortly. 

Reference

Esposito, S. (2016). Infectious Diseases: Pathophysiology, Diagnostics and Prevention. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, [online] 17(9), p.1464. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17091464.

Haileamlak, A. (2019). Physical Inactivity: The Major Risk Factor for Non-Communicable Diseases. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, [online] 29(1), p.810. doi:https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v29i1.1.

Hassan, S., Nguyen, M., Buchanan, M., Grimshaw, A., Adams, O.P., Hassell, T., Ragster, L. and Nunez-Smith, M. (2020). Management Of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases After Natural Disasters In The Caribbean: A Scoping Review. Health Affairs, 39(12), pp.2136-2143. doi:https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.01119.

Majumder, J. and Minko, T. (2021). Recent Developments on Therapeutic and Diagnostic Approaches for COVID-19. The AAPS Journal, [online] 23(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1208/s12248-020-00532-2.

McArthur, D.B. (2019). Emerging Infectious Diseases. Nursing Clinics of North America, [online] 54(2), pp.297-311. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2019.02.006.

Murphy, R.J. (2020). Communicable diseases in humanitarian operations and disasters. BMJ Military Health, 24(98), p.bmjmilitary-2020-001415. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001415.

Umakanthan, S. (2020). Origin, transmission, diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). [online] (65). doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138234.
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