Psychosocial Aspects of Diabetes

Discuss two diabetes related health behavior interventions and critically evaluate their usefulness

From the variety of research, it can be analyzed that many behavioral interventions have been developed which have greatly contributed in improving the health condition of patients suffering from diabetes . The interventions are formed in such a way that it motivates appropriate behavior and at the same time lower the occurrence of such behavior which are inappropriate and not suitable of managing the health like harming oneself or other. The approach may get changed as per the type of diabetes and the way interventions are being applied by health providers. Such interventions require a complete process of behavior alteration support that involve any health practitioner to initially build a problem definition which includes what are the causes of such diseases. Order assignment help from our experts!

The step is followed by setting a collective goal that play effective role in establishing self-management behavior based on specific and action oriented plan. Problem solving is another step which decides how to resolve the problems associated with weak emotions, less support form family or deficiency of good facilities. Once such steps are managed, an intervention plan is made which has to be made by different health providers for the patients as per their issues. If a person has poor eating habit that make such individuals diabetes condition more severe, then the health practitioner provide such intervention which can overcome such abnormality. Some behavioral interventions are discussed below.

Diabetes self-management education (DSME) - Such program has been invented for the diabetes patients which assist them in understanding the skills and knowledge which are required for self-managing and caring. Insulin is one of the most effective treatment for type 1 diabetes, though type 2 diabetes can be efficiently treated through proper diet and oral medications. Providing clear instructions and information regarding the disease to the patients is the duty of dietitians and nurses. It has been observed that nurses are frequently utilized in delivering DSME, which allow different patients to share their experiences which further help in making behavioral alteration of patients or their family members. With the invention of medical nutrition therapy, health practitioner and nurse have become more intrinsic component of diabetes education system. Practitioners can develop various methods for promoting the importance of DSME either through digitally or via social media, personal interactions in hospitals or at some events. Such practice helps the patients who are suffering from chronic diabetes in developing personal strategies which may involve in resolving their issues, interacting with such victims and comforting them that later help in stabilizing their behavior. 

Enhancing motivation - Patients either facing acute or chronic diabetes must be encouraged by the health provides frequently for cheering up their mood and making them feel worthy. Different patients are treated differently as per their behavioral problem associated with such disorder, some patients are motivated by making them participate in more and more physical activities. The diabetic patients are tending to get exhausted more often than other patients, such issue make their participation less effective, thus practitioners have to employ fresh and new techniques to motivate for overcoming the barriers like health complications. By making exercise buddies, patients get more cheerful and enthusiastic for doing daily physical activities together. Some patients may be provided with unique rewards for undergoing physical activities daily, they can be given some special food item or outside visitation which make them motivated. Another approach can be to counsel the patients for making them understand the benefits of exercising in their lifestyle and behavior. The patients should be motivated to engage in achieving their passion which can be either painting, singing or many more, such activity aids in making their behavior more positive and help them to distract from the symptoms and complications of disease.

Design a new behavioral intervention to support the psycho social needs of a patient group of your choice

People during the age group of 25-45 may suffer from diabetes, such individuals are tending to lose their power of making decisions and thinking more likely as compared to those who get such disease at the later stage of life. Due to such evidences the patients who acquire the disease around this age may get more depressed and stressed, they become frustrated very easily and suffer from major mood swings. The normal health of such individuals are very important for the sake of their family as well as their children. Some of the behavioral interventions for such patients are counseling, 

• Feeling lethargic, less productivity, inability to concentrate, loss of appetite, suicidal thoughts, isolated feelings are some of the symptoms which may be experienced by the patients suffering from diabetes, due to which depression arises.

• Aggressive and depressed action of patients due to diabetes may negatively harm their work life and reduces their efficiency. Such people should seek help from health practitioner to deal with their behavioral issues so that they can become more productive and can realize their self-worth.

• The health providers especially diabetes clinicians are the one who can easily identify the victims who are depressed but does not have enough resources for treating depression. Such people should be treated very carefully and proper behavioral intervention must be employed to these people.

• Counseling can be primarily adopted for easing the patients from the negative effects of diabetes. Primary care clinicians and health practitioner should employ different way to counsel the patients for lowering the depression level.

• The counselors should interact to such patients deeply and must assure that the society and their family members are in their support. They should have the power to make the patients realize that the stress and anxiety is normal and they should not panic more and must concentrate on their future.

• Cognitive behavioral therapy may be provided for short duration for altering the behavioral distortions and regulating the behavioral outcome of such patients. The therapy contributes in solving the issues either related to health or personal life and also promote the chance of regulating as well as maintaining the emotions. Thus, it can alter the way a person feels and make them healthy mentally.

From such aspect it can be concluded that people belonging to 25 to 45 age group suffer from diabetes depression. Behavioral intervention like Counseling and cognitive behavioral therapy can be adopted effectively for improving the behavioral condition and emotional perspective of such individuals for managing the disease.

Draw a logic model for your chosen intervention 

Logic model have been defined as a process of representation through graphic which shows the connectedness between the activities, resources, outcomes, outputs and the impact of the diabetes program so as to reduce the level of depression in such patients. It demonstrates the relationship among the health providers as well as the activities which are being held in such programs. The inputs which are required for the behavioural intervention are funding, staff, time, health, training, technical assistance, patient and practice level data.

Counselling have been utilised in this program as an effective behavioural intervention, such approach assists a diabetic depressed people in verbalising and making the thoughts clearer from the perspective of oneself as well as from the others. Interacting the problems and the issue either to the health practitioners or to the primary care clinicians whether it is related to social or personal life helps in lowering the negative effect of depression and further aid in looking to the positive outcomes. Such sharing may lead to cathartic experience which give the feeling of relieved and satisfaction and make the mind of people less weight and relaxed. By utilising care plan, tracks referrals, improving communication and providing education the diabetes depression can be easily managed in the age group of 25 to 45. The issue such victims are facing with their families are also regulated form such programs, these methods make the person realise their worth in their family's life and make them realise their importance in their children career and education. The suicidal thoughts and isolated feeling due to diabetes gets highly managed by such approach. Need Assignment Samples?Talk to our Experts!

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy has been popularly utilised as a talk therapy which can effectively lower the depression level of various people, the stress which are being caused by diabetes is quite normal and can be mitigated by mutual understanding among the health provider and the patient. The psychotherapy sometimes works more productively by antidepressant and few drugs which have commonly prescribed by the doctors for regular stress or anxiety. The therapy helps in identifying the issues more clearly while talking to the patients, the health providers also become aware of the rational as well as the irrational thoughts which may be formed in victim's mind due to the effect of disease. Such therapy assists in understanding an individual's actions and behaviour more precisely and constructively. Both of the behavioural intervention helps in achieving Improved quality of care, better clinical outcomes, lower mortality, reduced stress, improved patient experience, better providers experience, enhanced personality, more preventive care, less depression and anxiety.

How ethnicity, culture and religion affect treatment and adherence

The factors like religion, ethnicity and culture have a great influence on the treatment and adherence of diabetes. All the variables determine the risk factors as well as the probability of having diabetes in an individual. The altering element like ethnic, religion, age, gender and culture are some of the factors which have an effect on medication adherence. All the health providers and clinicians must take a serious consideration on the impact of cultural as well as religious background on the values and beliefs of health which further render extensive care to the diversified ethnic people so as to deliver better treatment and medication adherence.

Ethnicity

It has been clearly observed that Alaskan Natives, Native Americans and Hispanic Americans have more possibility of mortality from the diabetes when compared to Non-Hispanic White due to the occurrence of high strokes and cardiovascular disease due to diabetes. Moreover, countries like India, USA and China has highest occurrence of diabetes due to their irregular eating habits and unhealthy food. Type 1 diabetes has been demonstrated to prevail less than type 2 diabetes in mostly all cases. Such form of diabetes is more frequent and high occurring in adolescence and children. It has been suggested that in temperate part of world Type 1 diabetes are highest in number and lowers drastically towards the equator.

Type 2 diabetes on the other hand is widely spread in more than 90% of the population worldwide. The people belonging to under privileged society and people sharing same language and ancestor may have trouble in getting treatment and medical adherence. Such people sometimes cannot afford to pay bills of daily medicines and insulin due to lack of funds and appropriate resources. The people belonging to ancestor who were more privileged and had access to lots of resources and facilities are more accessible in terms of treatment. The group of individuals belonging to under favored community as well as person sharing common speech and ascendant may face number of hassles in acquiring attention and medical adherence. 

Culture

The medical care providers may not work collectively so as to render culturally competent care, due to which the patients receive degraded quality of care and later results in more health consequences. The people belonging to culture like Muslim, Latinos, Asian Americans and African Americans may have reported to receive poor quality of care in context to their diagnosing, treatments and medications. The perception of doctors as well as the counselors may change due to the varying class of culture and their preferences. The risk factors are also one of the factor which may be influenced by the culture. People of some culture have the tradition of eating sugary food and tends to drink alcohol as well as smoke on daily basis as per their culture. Such factors act as an effective risk factor which give rise to the diabetes and further complicate the welfare of people. Such patients when seek help to the health care provider may not get better even after proper consultation, this is because people of such culture are more likely to eat unhealthy and unbalanced diet which later complicate the health condition and does not benefit in the betterment of disease. Identifying patients culture and making positive awareness in terms of their lifestyle and habits help in making the situation better. Cultural belief is very important to be kept by people who are receiving chronic treatment from health practitioners for diabetes, patient's acceptance and their subjective beliefs about health outcomes should also be regarded equally.Get Nursing Assignment Help from our experts!

Religion

The role of diabetes and religion have been observed from many years, the monks who are practicing yoga and more religious practices tends to have less possibility of getting diabetes. Even if they acquire such disease they employ practices like daily yoga, eating healthy diet and coping with the symptoms very effectively that make the treatment more productive and efficient. Some religious follows such customs which make their eating habits different from other, like some religion celebrate such festivals which require to eat lots of carbohydrates, this practice leads in risk factors for diabetes. Some religion has values which make the injection of insulin not effective, thus hampering the treatment process and medication. It has been significantly observed that positive religious value and beliefs alleviates the exposure of patients to psycho social impact of respective disease. While those who have negative spiritual and religious beliefs drastically lowers their adherence to health care and support.

Conclusion

From the above report it can be concluded that, behavioral intervention plays a very significant role in improving the condition of diabetes. Diabetes self-management education and Enhancing motivation are behavioral intervention which are being utilized in treating behavioral alteration. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and counseling are used at the age group of 25 to 45 for lowering the depression. Cultural, religion and ethnicity influences the treatment and medication.

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