Contemporary Issues in Healthcare Policy and Practice

Key issues of Dementia

Dementia is major issue for the UK because there are 850,000 peoples lives with dementia which arise more than 1 million in 2021. The main issues with dementia is that it shows two type symptoms i.e. early symptoms and late symptoms. Need Assignment Examples?Talk to our Experts!

Early Symptoms:

Loss of memory: It initially affects short term memory. For example person forgets that what happen earlier in a day and unable to recall conversation, but long term memory is quite good.

Mood change: Peoples who suffer from dementia are mood swing type. For example, they sometime frightened, sad and angry. None can't understand what will happen to them in next moment.

Communication problem: Peoples unable to communicate with other people due to difficulty in finding right words for particular things. i.e. they want to tell about product name, but they describe function of the product.

Later Symptoms:

In later phase of dementia, People get problem during executing daily task and become dependent on other persons. In simple word can say brain is damaged by some disease such as Alzheimer disease or by small strokes.

Statistics

Barking and Dagenham are a main borough of London, UK. There are over 36 cases of dementia per 10.000 population means 0.36% (Dementia. 2016) Diagnosis rate of dementia is quite good which is estimated 66.6%. Dementia disease is mostly found in 65 aged peoples. T

Key issues in UK

In London, estimated 64,600 people with dementia. Almost 2/3 people with dementia lives in community while 1/3 lives in care home ( Reedy, 2020). According to statics data of London finds that 7.3% of London's population is suffered from dementia disease and aged 65 year population ratios are heightened.

Heath and Social Care Services in National and Local Area

Local Area

Barking and Dagenham doesn't have good social care service than comparison healthcare due to some issues i.e.

Unemployment: It is also a main reason which is considered in other issues. Lack of job recruitment, people don't get job which directly gives impact on their financial condition. Peoples with doesn't get proper medication due to unwell in financial condition.

Lack of education: Education also a big issue because people unaware about the disease. Due to this they think dementia is contagious disease, therefore they don't give support to dementia patients (Nutbeam, 2017). While those people who suffer from dementia doesn't have knowledge about disease that what step should be taken to treat as result reach in final stage of death.

Lack of social support: in barking and Debenham, doesn't have social supports i.e. social campaign which aware people about disease and supports them to give health care services. It is the main issue for influencing dementia ratio in Degenham.

National Area

In UK, healthcare and social care system is good but peoples attitude for the health is careless. Financial condition is good in UK but diagnosis of dementia is less.

Financial challenges: Dementia is the group of disease that requires more research for getting solution. UK's government invests more funds in R&D department so that get strong treatment of the dementia. Ratio of dementia patients are raised by and by that ultimately leads financial challenge for the UK's government.

Lack of health system: It is another challenge which is faced by UK. There are over 850,000 peoples lives with dementia, that's why nursing staff in hospitals becomes less. Due to large ratio of dementia patients unable to give treatment them in single time. Currently health system gives threat to UK. Order assignment help from our experts! 

Research Methodology

This essay can be evaluated thorough literatures and articles that dementia is become major issue in local and national level. There are some critical factors like lack of education, lack of health system, lack of social supports etc. creates challenge for both national and local area. Diagnosis facilities is quite good in Barking and Dagenham than comparison England. While social care services doesn't good in London borough. The major issue of the dementia is that it requires huge cost for the treatment, requires high level health care services along with medication ((Bunnell, Fertig and James, 2016). Financial condition of Barking and Dagenham is not quite good due to unemployment. Another reason peoples are unaware for the disease due to lack of education. Nursing facilities is not sufficient who can take care of all dementia patients. Based on the research finds that UK faces financial and health system challenges which causes ratio of dementia patient is increased by and by.

Critical Analysis of The Key issues Identified within Dementia Services in National and Local Area

Dementia services is about to social service and health care service supports. Health care service includes proper medication services, nursing services, daily check up facilities, emergency visit services, offers primary and secondary care services to dementia patient (Dalzell and Rogerson, 2016). On the other hand social care services includes access to day centres, family supports, laundry services, meal facilities, self directed supports etc. both social and health care services are essential for the dementia patients. There are various issues which are recognized within dementia services in national and local area. Such as-

Ensuring Safety and Security:

Local Area: In Barking and Dagenham, has good diagnosis facilities for the dementia. There are various hospital who offers treatment primary care patients. In primary care of dementia gives assurance safety and security for the patient treatment. Even nursing staff take care of medication. But secondary care of dementia (later stage) is quite risky and requires high level treatment. High level treatment services doesn't available in local level and doctors also doesn't give assurance about safety of dementia treatment. Financial condition doesn't good in local level due to unemployment as result people unable to take medication.

National Area: Primary and secondary care of dementia are available in UK. Doctor gives assurance to patient and their families for the treatment. Currently secondary care treatment doesn't available in UK due to lack of research in R&D department (Murphy, 2017). There is medication available for the secondary care dementia which can suppress disease for long time but can't root out. The treatment of dementia is costly which is unaffordable to patients therefore large number of population who suffers from dementia disease doesn't get treatment. Primary care of dementia treatments is affordable for the patients which can get from low level hospital in UK.

Dealing with Financial and Legal Issues

Local Area: Economical condition in local area is not good because Job opportunity is fewer in Dagenham which causes they have to face employment issue. Another reason is education which leads unemployment in the local area. Lack of education, they don't get appropriate job which helps to live their livelihood. Barking and Dagenham is undeveloped area therefore doesn't get advantage of government facilities. Those people who get job but doesn't get optimum wages. These are the reason which creates financial issues for the dementia patient and their families. Doctors have to face major issue when people suffer from dementia that causes doesn't have mental potential to sign legal documentation. In this phase become more challenging setting up legal agreement and makes decision for them.

National area: UK is more powerful financially because there has large number of job opportunity for the peoples, so they can get job on good salary. Education system of UK is quite strong so financial crisis doesn't occur in peoples. People with dementia pay high cost on medication and takes treatment. Currently UK faces financial challenges because it acquires high cost for the treatment which doesn't easy for different type of dementia patient. i.e. Alzheimer disease is a subtype of dementia disease. It is also known as secondary care of dementia (Tourish, 2018). In UK, doesn't have proper treatment instead of medication. Pharmaceutical compliance is available in UK for the Alzheimer disease which can prevent disease from spreading but can't treat properly. Secondary care of dementia is more expensive for the peoples. Legal issue doesn't have to face by the clinical care hospitals because UK's government supports them to take decision when dementia patient is alone or not capable to take decision about their health.

Quality of Care

Local Area: Health care services are better in Barking and Degenham than England. Estimated 0.36% cases of dementia patients are found in Barking while 0.76% cases are found in England Barking has one of lowest dementia rates in UK, 2017). Hospital offers high level quality services to dementia patient and take care of their medication period. Nursing staff monitors patients behaviour and offers patient compliance (Macduff, 2019). Due to high quality of care, diagnosis ratio of dementia is estimated 66.67% than England. Based on the statistics of dementia can understand that health care is qualitative in local area.

National Area: Quality of care services doesn't good in UK due to large number of population with dementia. Health care system is fewer in UK which decrease quality in health care. Lack of productivity of nursing staff reduces patient and medication compliance in hospital.

Discrimination

Local Area: It gives negative impact on local area because dementia mostly occurs in 65 aged population. In that state, hospitals have to keep some precaution during offering pharmaceutical services. Aged population with dementia requires more health care rather than young age population. For example a person who has 65yr age and suffers from dementia, in that state have to give those medications which doesn't give negative impact on their health. Therefore, age discrimination creates challenges in hospitals.

National Area: This issue is not big deal for the UK because there are overall population with dementia has 65 age. In that state, hospitals doesn't have to change their pharmaceutical formulary and patient compliance. UK's population aware about disease, so they take primary care of dementia in initial stage. Thus, Age discrimination doesn't create big issue for the UK.

Analysis and Discussion

Driving Forces: Those force which promotes dementia services and supports to treat large number of population in both local and national area. Driving forces are quality care services, legal services, pharmaceutical services, social care services etc. are driving forces which promotes dementia treatment in both area.

Restraining Forces : Those forces which prevents dementia services. It includes age discrimination, financial condition, health care system, lack of education and unemployment. These forces create issues in dementia services, therefore dementia patients ratio are increased gradually.

Kurt Lewin Change Management Theory

It is three stage model of change theory which is also known as the unfreezing-change-freezing model. It helps to understand the procedure of organizational change. This theory is use for the dementia services in local and national area. It is based on three phases-

Unfreeze: It is first stage of transition which helps to understand people about old pattern that enhances restrain forces. There are some restraining forces i.e. unemployment, lack of awareness due to education, financial condition, lack of health system etc. gives negative impact on dementia services (Ritvo, 2017). There are some methods which can lead change in dementia services. For example initially finds driving forces i.e. quality of care, social care services and pharmaceutical care services. Improves driving forces that automatically lead change in current situation. Second decreases restrain forces by offering education which directly transform existing situation into equilibrium phase. In third phase, finds combines of both forces restrain and driving and transform into equilibrium phase. In simple word, education enhances awareness in population for the dementia and directly reduces ratio of dementia disease in patients.

Change : It is second stage which is also known as 'moving to a new level'. It leads change in people behaviour, feeling and thoughts. Education improves awareness in people for the dementia service as result they become cautious for the disease and take care of their health.

Freeze : It is third stage which establishes change in peoples and supports them to adapt new habits or can say 'standard operation procedure (SOP). For example awareness of dementia leads change in people habits, they become alert about dementia stage. Dementia is classified into two phases on the basis of symptoms i.e. Early stage symptoms and later stage symptoms. Such kind awareness helps population who suffers from primary care of dementia because they take treatment on time (Boaz and Davies, eds., 2019). While secondary care of dementia patients takes medication treatment. This habit makes easier to population with dementia to come in old stage and helps hospitals to treat them well-formed. Order Dissertation Help from our experts! 

Thus, Kurt Lewin change management theory improves dementia services in both local and nati

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